After the speech, when Lincoln boarded the 6:30pm train to return to Washington, D.C., he was feverish and weak with a severe headache. Hay noted during the speech that Lincoln's face had 'a ghastly color' and that he was 'sad, mournful, almost haggard'. During the trip, Lincoln remarked to Hay that he felt weak on the morning of November 19, Lincoln mentioned to Nicolay that he was dizzy. to Gettysburg on November 18, Lincoln was accompanied by three members of his Cabinet, William Seward, John Usher, and Montgomery Blair, several foreign officials, his secretary John Nicolay, and his assistant secretary, John Hay. In inviting President Lincoln to the ceremonies, David Wills, of the committee for the November 19 Consecration of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg, wrote, 'It is the desire that, after the Oration, you, as Chief Executive of the nation, formally set apart these grounds to their sacred use by a few appropriate remarks.' O'Sullivan, July 5–6, 1863įollowing the Battle of Gettysburg on July 1–3, 1863, the removal of the fallen Union soldiers from the Gettysburg Battlefield graves and their reburial in graves at the National Cemetery at Gettysburg began on October 17, though on the day of the ceremony, interment was less than half complete. Background The written invitation of David Wills, who led the establishment of Soldiers' National Cemetery, inviting Lincoln to speak at Gettysburg Union soldiers dead at Gettysburg, photographed by Timothy H.

A 2022 interpretation of photographs of the day, using 3D modeling software, has argued for a slightly different location-straddling the current fence around Evergreen Cemetery. Modern scholarship locates the speakers' platform at least 120 feet (37 m) away from the traditional site in Soldiers' National Cemetery at the Soldiers' National Monument, such that it stood entirely within the private, adjacent Evergreen Cemetery. Nor is it precisely clear where, on the grounds of the Gettysburg cemetery, Lincoln delivered the address. The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln's hand differ in a number of details, and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the speech. ĭespite the prominent place of the speech in the history and popular culture of the United States, its exact wording is disputed. That these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Lincoln extolled the sacrifices of those who died at Gettysburg in defense of those principles, and then urged that the nation ensure:

as a nation 'conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal,' and represented the Civil War as a test that would determine whether such a nation could endure. In just 271 words, beginning with the now famous phrase 'Four score and seven years ago,'‍ referring to the signing of the Declaration of Independence 87 years earlier, Lincoln described the U.S. Lincoln's carefully crafted but brief address, which was not even scheduled as the day's primary speech, came to be seen as one of the greatest and most influential statements on the American national purpose. It remains one of the best known speeches in American history. President Abraham Lincoln delivered during the American Civil War at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery, now known as Gettysburg National Cemetery, in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on the afternoon of November 19, 1863, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated Confederate forces in the Battle of Gettysburg, the Civil War's deadliest battle. The Gettysburg Address is a speech that U.S.

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